Agricultural socialized services can effectively bridge the gap between small-scale farmers and modern agriculture， serving as a pathway to narrow the urban-rural income disparity and achieve common prosperity. Based on theoretical analysis， this study utilizes panel data from 31 provinces and municipalities across China from 2010 to 2022 as its research sample. Employing methods such as the two-way fixed effect model， it empirically analyzes the impact of agricultural socialized services on the urban-rural income gap， while also exploring their underlying mechanisms and heterogeneous effects. The findings reveal that agricultural socialized services significantly reduce the urban-rural income disparity， with regression results remaining robust after a series of rigorous tests. These services primarily narrow the gap by increasing rural residents' non-agricultural income and boosting agricultural earnings. Regional heterogeneity analysis indicates that the income-narrowing effect of agricultural socialized services is more pronounced in central and western regions than in eastern areas. Furthermore， the study identifies single-threshold effects based on human capital and urbanization levels in the relationship between agricultural socialized services and the income gap. To address urban-rural income inequality and achieve common prosperity， the government should intensify efforts to promote the development of agricultural socialized services， particularly by enhancing service quality in central and western regions. This should be accompanied by strengthening skills training for rural laborers to improve their human capital levels， thereby progressively narrowing the urban-rural income gap.