Shiology， abbreviation of the study of shiance，stands as a "disciplinary category" level knowledge system， which is an extension of agronomy in the Chinese educational system's subject catalog. It is a knowledge system that integrates the eaters' needs， food acquisition and shiance order. Cognition of the previously unrecognised requires new concepts，and the construction of a new knowledge system cannot be separated from the support of new concepts. Shiance knowledge system is a huge collection of shiance concepts， and this research focus on the connotations and extensions of four core concepts-- "shiance， food， eaters， and eating. " These core concepts of shiance knowledge also serve as the basic terms for constructing the shiology framework. Establishing the basic terms and definitions of shiology is a fundamental research endeavor. The basic words discussed in this research include 34 in the category of "shiance"，31 in the category of "food"，7 in the category of "eaters" and 18 in the category of "eating"， totalling 90. They play a fundamental and leading role in the process of constructing the system of shiology system， and the names of 40 subjects in the 53 basic shiology systems use these basic words. The absence and narrowing of cognitive concepts is the root of the lack of systematic governance of the human shiance issues.