1.对外经济贸易大学 保险学院,北京 100029
2.南开大学 金融学院,天津 300350
何小伟,研究方向:政策性保险,保险市场与监管。
收稿:2024-06-15,
修回:2024-08-16,
纸质出版:2025-01-31
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何小伟,熊东相,刘怡鑫.美国农业保险补贴的WTO合规策略及借鉴——基于1995-2020年通报数据的分析 [J]. 山西农业大学学报(社会科学版),2025,24(1):34⁃43.
HE Xiaowei,XIONG Dongxiang,LIU Yixin.WTO compliance strategies and reference for US agricultural insurance subsidies——analysis based on 1995—2020 notification data [J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Social Science Edition),2025,24(1):34⁃43.
何小伟,熊东相,刘怡鑫.美国农业保险补贴的WTO合规策略及借鉴——基于1995-2020年通报数据的分析 [J]. 山西农业大学学报(社会科学版),2025,24(1):34⁃43. DOI: 10.13842/j.cnki.issn1671-816X.2025.01.004.
HE Xiaowei,XIONG Dongxiang,LIU Yixin.WTO compliance strategies and reference for US agricultural insurance subsidies——analysis based on 1995—2020 notification data [J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Social Science Edition),2025,24(1):34⁃43. DOI: 10.13842/j.cnki.issn1671-816X.2025.01.004.
美国是世界头号农业保险大国,在农业保险补贴的WTO合规方面积累了丰富的经验。基于WTO关于农业国内支持方式的“归箱”政策及农业保险补贴的相关规则,分析了美国农业保险补贴的主要方式与规模,并结合1995-2020年美国向WTO通报的数据,探讨了美国农业保险补贴的合规风险及合规策略的调整。主要结论有:在现行WTO规则下,农业保险补贴的通报方式有着很大操作空间;为降低合规风险,美国充分利用了WTO的规则漏洞,选择对自己最有利的通报方式;国际诉讼是推动美国调整农业保险补贴通报方式的重要原因;农业保险保费补贴在美国“黄箱”支持总量中有着十分重要的地位,但是其重要性在近年来开始有所下降。最后分析了美国经验对我国的借鉴。
The United States is the world's top agricultural insurance powerhouse and has accumulated rich experience in WTO compliance for agricultural insurance subsidies. Based on the WTO's policy on domestic support for agriculture and relevant rules on agricultural insurance subsidies, this paper analyzes the main methods and scale of agricultural insurance subsidies of the United States. It also explores the U.S. compliance risks and adjustments to compliance strategies for agricultural insurance subsidies combined with the data reported by the United States to the WTO from 1995 to 2020. The main conclusions are: firstly, under the current WTO rules, there is a great deal of operational space for the notification of agricultural insurance subsidies; Secondly, in order to reduce compliance risks, the United States has fully utilized the loopholes in WTO rules and chosen the most favorable reporting method for itself; Thirdly, international litigation is an important reason for promoting the adjustment of the notification method for agricultural insurance subsidies in the United States; Fourthly, agricultural insurance premium subsidies still play a very important role in the total support of the "yellow box" in the United States.The reference of the American experience to China was also analyzed.
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