北京航空航天大学 公共管理学院,北京 100191
孙琳琳,研究方向:公共经济与管理,三农研究。
收稿:2025-12-03,
修回:2025-12-30,
纸质出版:2026-05-31
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孙琳琳,周睿,刘聪.新农保何以影响老年农民农业生产率——基于CFPS数据的实证分析 [J]. 山西农业大学学报(社会科学版),2026,25(3):66⁃74.
SUN Linlin,ZHOU Rui,LIU Cong.How does the new "rural pension scheme" affect the agricultural productivity of elderly farmers——An empirical analysis based on CFPS data [J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Social Science Edition),2026,25(3):66⁃74.
孙琳琳,周睿,刘聪.新农保何以影响老年农民农业生产率——基于CFPS数据的实证分析 [J]. 山西农业大学学报(社会科学版),2026,25(3):66⁃74. DOI: 10.13842/j.cnki.issn1671-816X.2026.03.006.
SUN Linlin,ZHOU Rui,LIU Cong.How does the new "rural pension scheme" affect the agricultural productivity of elderly farmers——An empirical analysis based on CFPS data [J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Social Science Edition),2026,25(3):66⁃74. DOI: 10.13842/j.cnki.issn1671-816X.2026.03.006.
随着劳动力老龄化程度不断加深,老人农业已成为我国农业发展的基本形态和重要特征。在经典效用最大化模型中,养老金放松了农户农业生产预算约束,进而改变其生产要素的分配决策,会对老年农民的农业生产率产生间接影响。基于2010—2020年中国家庭追踪调查数据,采用模糊断点回归的方法识别了新农保对老年农民农业生产率的政策成效。结果表明,新农保的实施显著提高了老年农民劳动生产率和全要素生产率。进一步研究得出,新农保通过增加机械投入和提高医疗保健支出这两条路径影响农业生产,并且在家庭经济水平、区域农业发展禀赋上存在异质性。为此,新农保养老金既要提高整体水平以适应物价变化,也需加大对还未参保人员的关注度,力争惠及更多群众。
As the aging of the workforce continues to deepen, elderly farming has become a fundenmental form and important characteristic of China's agricultural development. In classical utility⁃maximization models, pension funds ease the budget constraints faced by farmers in their agricultural production, thereby influencing their decitions regarding the allocation of production factors. This, in turn, has indirect effects on the agricultural productivity of elderly farmers. Based on data from the China Family Panel Studies (CHPS) from 2010 to 2020, a fuzzy breakpoint regression method was used to identify the policy effectiveness of the New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS) on the agricultural productivity of elderly farm workers. The results show that the implementation of the NRPS has significantly improved both the labor productivity and total factor productivity of elderly farmers. Further analysis reveals that NRPS influences agricultural production through two pathways: increasing investment in machinery and boosting healthcare expenditures. Additionally, heterogeneity is observed across household economic levels and regional agricultural resource endowments. Therefore, it is essential not only to raise the overall pension benefits of the NRPS to keep pace with price changes but also to increase attention to those who are not yet enrolled, striving to extend coverage to more people.
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