In the strategic layout of building an agricultural powerhouse， state⁃owned agricultural enterprises play a pivotal role by virtue of their distinctive dual attributes of policy and market. Based on the triple attributes of economy， politics and society， this paper systematically expounds the functional orientation of state⁃owned agricultural enterprises， and further analyzes from the interactive perspective of institutional logic. It pointed out that state logic， market logic and community logic jointly shape the behavior of enterprises， and form a dynamic balance through synergistic evolution， which constitutes the internal mechanism for state⁃owned agricultural enterprises to serve national strategies. Corresponding practical paths are put forward from the aspects of institutional coordination， technological symbiosis and governance optimization. It emphasized that the vitality of enterprises should be effectively stimulated through institutional mechanism innovation， technology empowerment and benefit sharing， so as to systematically promote the construction of an agricultural powerhouse.