This paper focuses on the contemporary theme of organic alignment between industrial poverty alleviation and industrial vitalization， theoretically analyzes the adjustment direction of industrial policies， and reveals the practical dilemmas faced by poverty-alleviation industries based on the investigation of Village D in the Yimeng Mountain area. The study finds that industrial poverty alleviation has achieved outstanding results in the stage of poverty alleviation and laid the foundation for industrial vitalization in poverty- alleviation areas. However， due to the differences between industrial poverty alleviation and industrial vitalization， in order to realize the organic alignment of the two， on the one hand， it is necessary to make timely adjustments to the development objectives， targets and path strategies of industrial policies in the top-level design； on the other hand， it is necessary to solve the dilemmas faced by the anti-poverty industries in practice， such as difficulties in product sales， limited enthusiasm of ordinary farmers to participate， insufficient capacity of the anti-poverty population to develop industries on their own， lack of continuity of support policies， and weak follow-up management. In this regard， this paper puts forward specific suggestions on promoting the quality and upgrading of poverty alleviation industries， enriching the industrial structure of poverty alleviation villages， cultivating endogenous power， and strengthening poverty alleviation asset management.